NUSNNI staffs and researchers currently run the following
research projects under:
Strategic Research Programme, SERC (A*STAR)
Thematic Strategic Research Programme, (Nanomanufacturing:-
Nanoelectronics - The Next Wave) - SERC (A*STAR)
Projects with External Organization/Industries
RESEARCH PROJECTS -
ABSTRACTS
Processing and Characterisation of Nanometer Scale Fibers
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-002-112 |
Principal
Investigator
Prof Seeram Ramakrishna,
ME, Div of Bioengrg, and NUSNNI, NUS |
Duration
of grant
April 28, 2002 - December 31, 2005 |
Collaborator(s)
A/P Lim Chwee Teck,
MPE, and Div
of Bioengrg,
NUS
Asst/P
Vincent Tan BC, MPE, and NUSNNI, NUS |
Research
staff
1x RA , 1x RFResearch
students
2x PhD |
Abstract
A nanofiber is a fiber possessing a diameter on the nanometer scale.
Fibers of various compositions with micrometer scale diameters have
been traditionally used to reinforce plastics and metals. Similarly,
nanofibers or nanowishers can also be used as reinforcing agents
to make nanocomposites. The nanofibers of poly-Lactic Acid-Co-Glycolic
Acid (PLAGA) polymer with the diameters of 500 nm are being used
as biosensor in medical applications.
Much
interest has been generated recently in the area of tissue engineering
to create biological alternatives for implants and prostheses. Biodegradable
polymers have been widely used as scaffolding materials to regenerate
new tissues.
In
this proposal we focus our attention on the fabrication of biocompatible,
non-degradable nanofibers for medical applications. We will also
fabricate biodegradable nanofibers like collagen, PLLA, PLGA, PCL
etc by electrospinning their polymer solutions at the later stage
of the program. It is anticipated that systematic exposition and
knowledge obtained from studying these nano-fibers will result in
an understanding of the behavior of natural biological tissues.
|
Molecular Understanding of Cell-Synthetic
Nanofiber Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Interactions
(Multi-Disciplinary Research Project)
Research grant no.
WBS R-398-000-003-112 (75%) / R-398-003-640 (25%) |
Principal
Investigator
Prof Seeram Ramakrishna
Department of Mechanical Engineering |
Co-Principal
Investigator
A/P Hanry Yu, Dept of Physiology, NUS |
Duration
of grant
June 23, 2003 - June 22, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
Assoc
PF Wang Shu, IMRE, Division of Bioengineering, NUS, IBN
Prof
Ram Sasishekaran, Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
Research
staffs
2x Research Fellow (planned)Research
students
1x PhD, 1x Master (planned) |
Abstract
In recent years, bioengineers demonstrated a new method
of producing synthetic tissues by incorporating isolated
living cells into porous scaffolds and creating
conditions for cells to proliferate, organize and
develop into the desired tissues or organs. The
scaffold, a synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM),
provides an initial biomechanical profile for the cells
until they produce an adequate ECM of their own.
Researchers applied this approach to engineer a number
of tissues in the body. However, the engineered tissues
lack the desired functional characteristics.
In order to engineer functional tissues, molecular
understanding of interactions between cells and
synthetic ECM is critical, as the ECM is actively
involved in orchestrating various cellular functions.
This research focuses on deriving an in-depth
investigation of the interplay between synthetic ECM and
cell behavior. The ECM in natural tissues comprises
3-dimensional hierarchical fibrous structures of
nanometer scale dimensions. To mimic the microstructure
of natural ECM, in this study the synthetic ECMs will be
made using nanometer scale fibers of biodegradable
polymers.
It is
hypothesized that systematic knowledge on the interplay between
cells and synthetic nanofiber ECM is a key to achieving the ultimate
goal of producing functional engineered tissues. |
Modelling and Characterization of Nanoscale Materials
Research grant no.
WBS R-265-000-115-112 |
Principal
Investigator
A/P Lim Chwee Teck,
MPE, and Bioengrg,
NUS
Asst/P
Vincent Tan BC, MPE, and NUSNNI, NUS |
Duration
of grant
May 01, 2002 - October 31, 2005 |
Collaborator(s)
Prof Seeram Ramakrishna,
MPE, Bioengrg, and NUSNNI,
NUS
A/P Tay Eng Hock Francis, MPE, NUS
Asst/P Lim Kian Meng, MPE, NUS |
Research
staffs
1x RF, 2x RS
Research
student
1x PhD
|
Abstract
The potentials of nanotechnolgy have been described as revoluntionary.
However, it should be noted that while many technologies have benefited
from field, many promises of nanotechnology will not come to fruition
without more studies into the fundamentals of material properties
at such small length scales. At nanotechnology length scales (1
nm to 100 nm), the intermolecular and intramolecular interactions
are dominant and continuum theories will not apply. Recent advances
in nanostructured materials are mainly driven by the development
of a new generation of micro probes. These microprobes have given
rise to new and more complete information at the nanoscale regime.
To fully exploit our understanding of material behavior, characterization
must be complemented by the ability to model materials at such scale
for the simulation of material and structural response. Modeling
and simulation provides a wealth of information that is not available
from materials testing alone.This
project is unique for the following reasons:-
- There will be a tight coupling of physical testing and characterization
with modeling and simulation.
- Analyses will not be based solely on traditional continuum mechanics
but will also take into consideration
atomistic forces.
- The focus is not to simply use existing techniques in materials
testing and simulation but also to extend
them and develop new techniques.
- Molecular dynamics simulation is commonly used to study intermolecular
responses and to predict
thermodynamic states of materials but is
not widely to investigate mechanical behavior of materials. |
Organised Molecular Assembly of Polymeric
Materials
Research
grant no.
WBS R-279-000-119-112 |
Principal
Investigator
A/P Srinivasan M P, ChEE, NUS |
Duration
of grant
March 01, 2003 - February 28, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
Nil |
Research
staff
NilResearch
students
2x PhD, 1x Master
|
Abstract
The technique of molecular assembly for creating functional structures
has been the subject of intense investigation in recent years due
to its immense technological significance. At NUS, the primary focus
of the research is the study of materials and methods for forming
robust ultrathin film structures comprising active species incorporated
as guests in robust, polymeric hosts. We have studied a host of
phenomena in these materials, ranging from molecular orientation
and stability of the functional species, mechanical and thermal
stability of the host, environmentally benign methods of processing,
and a theoretical study of the molecular assembly process. From
these works, expertise has been developed in material synthesis,
molecular organization and material characterization.With
a view towards improving stability, shelf-life and adhesive properties
in ultrathin film structures, the proposed work aims to investigate
formation of monolayers and multilayers of polymeric materials by
molecular assembly techniques based on covalent and electrostatic
bonding. Functional properties will bestowed on the structures in
the form of hyperbranched segments and other moieties. Apart from
providing a means of fabricating robust materials of technological
importance, fabrication by molecular assembly provides an opportunity
to investigate molecular interactions, and, as an important sequel,
to study the interactions between molecular phenomena and observed
macroscopic properties. The methodology to be adopted in the proposed
work involves incorporating reactive groups in polymeric materials
to enable coupling with substrate or the adjacent molecular layer.
The
distinct advantages in the proposed work lie in the use of fully
formed polymers as well as monomers as the building blocks, and
in incorporating multi-functional groups to enable bonding on either
side of the molecular layer and also to facilitate network formation,
thereby increasing structural stability. |
Development of carbon-based nano-sensor
for bio-molecular detection
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-006-112 |
Principal
Investigator
A/P Sheu Fwu-Shan, Dept of Biological Sciences, NUS |
Duration
of grant
May 1, 2003 - December 31, 2005 |
Collaborator(s)
A/P Xu Guo Qin, Dept of Chemistry, NUS
Asst/P Loh Kian Ping, Dept of Chemistry, NUS
A/P Feng Si-Shen, Dept of Chem. & Environmental Engineering,
NUS
A/P Wang Jia Gong, John, Dept of Materials Science, NUS
Asst/P Zhang Wei De, IMRE |
Research
staff
Ast/P Ye Jian-Shan, DBS, NUS
Asst/P Weng Jian, MS, NUSResearch
students
Cui Huifang, DBS, NUS
Wen Yin, Chemistry, NUS
Zhao Sheng Liang, Chemistry, NUS
Chen Lirong, Bioengineering, NUS
|
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes possess many special properties, such as high electrical
conductivity and chemical stability as well as extremely high mechanical
strength and modulus. These special properties are attributed to
the carbon nanostructures and dimensions present on the tube surface.
Both single and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs and MWNTs, respectively)
have the ability to promote electron-transfer reactions when used
as an electrode materials in electrochemical reactions. In this
project, we exploit the potential of using well-aligned MWNTs as
well as diamond nanoparticles as nanosensor for the detection of
various bio-molecules such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and neurotransmitter
dopamine and insulin protein molecule. |
Nanoporous Ultra-Low-k
Polyimide and Fluorinated Polyimide Films for Sub-micron and Nano-level
Electronics
Research
grant no.
WBS R-279-000-126-112 |
Principal
Investigator
Prof E T Kang, ChEE, NUS |
Co-Principal
Investigator
Prof K G Neoh, ChEE, NUS |
Duration
of grant
May 01, 2003 -
Nov 30, 2005 |
Collaborator(s)
Prof D.J. Liaw, Dept of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan Institute
of Science and Technology (NTUST) |
Research
staff
1x Research FellowResearch
students
2x PhD
|
Abstract
The use of interlayer materials with very low dielectric parameters
can greatly reduce the RC time delays, cross-talks, and power dissipation
in the new generation of sub-micro and nano-level electronics. Polyimides
(PIs) have been widely used as dielectric and packaging materials
in the microelectronics industry because of their good mechanical,
thermal and dielectric properties. However, with dielectric constants
(k) of about 3.1-3.5, the conventional PIs are insufficient
in meeting the requirement of k < 2.2 for the technology
nodes below 130 nm. One method to reduce the dielectric constants
of PIs is to incorporate pendant perfluoroalkyl groups. The modified
PIs have dielectric constants in the order of 2.6-3.0. To further
reduce the dielectric constants, a porous structure approach may
be adapted. The incorporation of air that has a dielectric constant
of about 1, can greatly reduce the dielectric constant of the resulting
porous structure/material. Thus, by combining the instrinsic dielectric
properties of the fluorinated polyimides and that of the molecularly-engineered
nanopores in the polymer matrix, a new generation of nanoporous
and ultra low-k dielectric polymers/materials for the
sub-micron and nano-level electronics can and will be prepared.
|
Tribological studies of nano-lubricants
Research
grant no.
WBS R-265-000-132-112 |
Principal
Investigator
Asst/P Sinha Sujeet Kumar, MPE, NUS |
Co-Principal
Investigator
A/P Srinivasan M P,
ChEE, NUS |
Duration
of grant
April 01, 2003 - March 31, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
A/P Lin Jianyi, Dept of Physics, NUS
Asst/P Sow Chorng Haur, Dept of Physics, NUS
Asst/P Suresh Valiyaveettil, Dept of Chemistry, NUS
Data Storage Institute (DSI)
Institute for High Performance Computing (IHPC) |
Research
staff
Nil
Research
students
3x PhD, 6x Masters |
Abstract
This research is concerned with the deposition and tribological
(friction and wear durability) property characterizations of 1-2
nm thick nano-lubricants on solid surfaces for applications in data
storage, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), and, the newly
emerging field of nanotechnology. Lubricants (solid or liquid) behave
differently when they are used at molecular level. For example,
a single molecule thick layer of liquid perfluoropolyether (PFPE)
can behave as semi-solid. Our previous research on the nano-lubrication
of liquid PFPE and solid self assembled monolayers (SAMs) have shown
that the durability of a lubricant at nano scale depends upon several
factors including the interactions of the lubricant molecules with
the substrate, mobility of the free lubricant molecules and the
surface free energies of the substrate. Major challenges in this
research is identified in two areas – first, the techniques
of lubricant deposition needs to be developed and second, the tribology
of these lubricants at a wide range of operating conditions needs
to be experimentally evaluated.Our
approach to solving the proposed research problem is novel in two
ways:
1) we will use a range of candidate materials for their application
as nano-lubricant. This is an integrated approach to all possible
new materials such as organic lubricants (PFPE and hydrocarbons),
self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), carbon nano tubes (CNT) and polymers.
2)
the lubricant characterization will be carried out by a newly developed
Nano-Tribo tester capable of measuring nano-lubricant properties
at extremely high sliding speed but at atomically smooth substrate
roughness. This equipment, which will be a hybrid between the surface
force apparatus (SFA) and spin-stand, will be developed in our laboratory.
|
Reduction of Copper Diffusion in
Nanoporous Ultra-low-K Dielectrics via Interfacial Molecular Engineering
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-004-112 |
Principal
Investigator
Prof E T Kang, ChEE, NUS |
Co-Principal
Investigator
Prof K G Neoh, ChEE, NUS |
Duration
of grant
Sep 1, 2003 -
Feb 28, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
Prof D.J. Liaw, Dept of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan Institute
of Science and Technology (NTUST) |
Research
staff
1x Research FellowResearch
students
2x PhD
|
Abstract
For the next generation of sub-micron and nano-level electronics,
the use of ultra-low-k dielectrics materials will help to bring
a major reduction in RC relays. Incorporating nanoporous structures
into the bulk dielectrics will become the main approach to lowering
the ? values. However, the diffusion of conductive metals, such
as copper, into the porous films will be one of the major concerns
in term of the reliability of the Cu/ultra-low-? interconnects.
The incorporation of a molecular diffusion barrier at the metal/dielectric
interface is a viable approach to resolve this diffusion issue.In
this project, molecular design and engineering of the interface
will be carried out to incorporate a covalently bonded/tethered
(to the dielectrics) molecular/macromolecular layer. The interfacial
molecular layer will serve three main purposes: (1) it will act
as an effective barrier for the diffusion and migration of metals,
(2) it will serve as an adhesion promotion layer for the deposited
metals, and (3) it will serve as a smart functional layer in the
electroless metallization process. |
Development of a Novel Type of Magnetic Force Microscopy Tips for
Nanometer Scale Magnetic Imaging and Probe Storage Applications
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-011-112 |
Principal
Investigator
A/P Wu Yihong, ECE, NUS |
Duration
of grant
May 05, 2004 - April 30, 2007 |
Collaborator(s)
Dr Yuankai Zheng, Data Storage Institute (DSI) |
Research
staff
Nil
Research
students
1x PhD, 2x Masters
|
Abstract
Magnetic
Force Microscopy (MFM) has been and continues to be one of the
primary imaging tools for studying magnetic nanostructures. There
are two issues with the MFM which have been addressed frequently
during the last decade: (i) tip-sample interaction and (ii) moderate
resolution. Although many techniques have been proposed and
developed to resolve these two issues, the success still remains
moderate. Most of these techniques are based on the modification of
the MFM tips one at a time which suffer ftom a very low yield and
poor reproducibility. To address this issue, recently we have
proposed and verified experimentally a novel type of synthetic tip
which is not only suitable for batch fabrication but also exhibits a
resolution which approaches the theoretical limit. The feasibility
study for commercialization of this type of MFM tips is currently
limited by the unavailability of suitable specialized systems for
coating the tips. The main tasks of this project are: (1) to develop
a customized tip coating system to optimize the materials and
coating structures so as to explore the commercialization
opportunity of the new MFM tips and (2) to use the MFM tips to study
various types of magnetic nanostructures for data storage
applications. |
Molecular Assembly of Embedded
Nanoparticles
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-009-112 |
Principal
Investigator
A/P
Madapusi P Srinivasan, ChBE, NUS |
Duration
of grant
May 01, 2004 - April 30, 2007 |
Collaborator(s)
NIL |
Research
staff
Nil
Research
students
2x PhD, 1x Masters
|
Abstract
The
purpose of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of formation
of nanoparticles in robust, molecularly assembled matrices. For many
applications such as catalysis, nanoparticles are required to be
presented as embedded species in matrices. Surface immobilization is
a common technique to tether nanoparticles and dendrimers have been
employed as sequestering agents to confine the nanoparticles. For
practical applications, the structure is required to be rugged and
capable of withstanding elevated temperatures, solvents, wear and
tear, etc. In the proposed work, the process of sequestration and
immobilization of nanoparticles in dendrimeric components will be
carried out in molecularly assembled polymeric matrices that use
strong covalent bonds (amide, imide and ester) as the primary means
of tethering. Polymeric materials containing dendrimeric moieties
will be molecularly assembled on substrates. By carrying out
heterogeneous reactions in liquid and supercritical media, the
molecular layers that form the matrix will be covalently bonded to
each other. Precursor materials will be incorporated into the matrix
and converted to nanoparticles. By employing supercritical media as
a solvent environment, a higher degree of flexibility is expected
for molecular assembly and delivery of nanoparticle precursors to
the matrix. The project builds upon the accumulated expertise in
high temperature polymers, molecular assembly, dendrimeric moieties
and supercritical fluid processing. |
Selectively Functionalized
Nanowires for assembly Study
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-010-112 |
Principal
Investigator
Dr
Chin Wee Shong, Dept of Chemistry, NUS |
Duration
of grant
June 15, 2004 - June 14, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
Dr Sow Chorng Haur, Dept of Physics, NUS
Mr Ang Thiam Peng, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences
(ICES) |
Research
staff
NilResearch
students
2x Masters
|
|
Abstract
Lithographically fabricated devices in silicon integrated circuit
have been reducing in size steadily over the last 30 years, but the
technology is facing seemingly insurmountable challenges when
approaching the nanometer scale. Feynman's paper entitled"
There's plenty of rooms at the bottom" has already
predicted the idea of assembling electronic circuits directly from
"bottom-up". The self-assembly of electronics from molecular
devices, however, has been constantly challenged by the problem of
defects. The use of nanowires as the assembly components, instead of
molecules, is thus seen as an earlier entry point into the
self-assembled electronics.
In this project,
we propose to prepare some specially segmented nanowires (e.g.
copper) of various diameters and lengths, via electrochemical
plating onto alumina membranes. The nanowires will be functionalized
selectively with different protecting groups such as alkanethiol,
amine, carboxylic acid, etc., so that specific assembly of the
nanowires can be carried out onto various patterned substrates and
scaffolding of nanostructures may thus be built up. While most
molecular interactions are well-studied, their applications into the
assembly of materials at nanometer-scale remain exploratory. A
systematic study of the functionalization of nanowires and their
assembly is thus a timely and important investigation for the future
advanced technology. |
Construction of Low-Temperature
STM for Fundamental Investigations of Nanostructures
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-008-112 |
Principal
Investigator
Dr Wang
Xuesen, Dept of Physics, NUS |
Duration
of grant
April 01, 2004 - Sep 30, 2005 |
Collaborator(s)
A/P Andrew TS Wee, Dept of Physics, NUS |
Research
staff
Nil
Research
students
1x PhD, 1x Masters
|
Abstract
Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (LT -STM), operating
below 20 K sample temperature, is a unique instrument for
investigating fundamental atomic, electronic and magnetic properties
of nanostructures (including macromolecules, clusters, quantum dots
and nanowires). It is also an effective tool for manipulating
nanostructures and studying dynamic/kinetic processes at a nanoscale.
The grant applied here will be used as part of fund to construct a L
T -STM experimental system. The establishment of the L T -STM system
will complement and enhance our existing nano-characterization
capabilities. This LT -STM will mainly be used to probe the
electronic states and electron transport through quantum dots,
carbon nanotubes and macromolecules, and the magnetic (or
spin-related) ro rties of nanostructures. |
Electrospun Polymer Nanofibres: Processing,
Characterization, and Applications
Research grant no.
WBS R-265-000-143-305 |
Principal
Investigator
Prof Seeram Ramakrishna, Div of Bioengineering, ME,
and NUSNNI, NUS |
Duration
of grant
April 1, 2003 - September 30, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
Prof Ding Jeak Ling, Dept. of Biological Sciences, NUS
A/P Ng Siu Choon, Dept. of Chemistry, NUS
A/P Ho Bow, Dept. of Microbiology, NUS |
Research staff
1x Snr Research Fellow,
2x Research Assistants (planned)
Research
students
2x PhD , 3x Master (planned) |
Abstract
Polymer nanofibers posses several special properties such as large
surface to volume ratio, flexibility in their surface functionalities,
and superior mechanical properties. They are considered as optimal
candidates for filter media, protective clothing, and many other
important applications. As such, the process control/optimization
and characterization of these nanofibers are indispensable.Electrospinning
seems to be the only technique which can be developed to mass production
of various continuous polymer nanofibers. Current understanding
of the process regarding spin ability, control in the resulting
fiber diameter and morphology, and deposition of them is still very
limited. A continuous single nanofiber or fiber bundle have not
been isolated and collected routinely. No mechanical or biological
characterization of single electrospun nanofibers has been reported.
One is not sure how to determine the other important properties
such as transverse or in-phase shear behavior of single nanofibers.
The
aims of this project are: (a) to identify the effect of various
physical, mechanical, electrical, and chemical parameters on the
electrospinning of polymer nanofibers, (b) to characterize the mechanical
and biological properties of thus obtained nanofibers as well as
to bridge the macroscopic behavior of them with their microscopic
molecular or atomic structures, and (c) to explore molecular filter
applications using surface functionalized nanofibers. The final
goal of the project will allow us to make the electrospinning a
controllable fabrication method for polymer nanofibers, to succeed
in the determination of nanofiber properties, and to functionalize
nanofiber surfaces.
|
Growth, Interconnection & Characterization
of novel nanostructures
Research
grant no.
WBS R-263-000-259-305 |
Principal
Investigator
A/P Thong TL John, ECE, NUS |
Duration
of grant
April 1, 2003 - March 31, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
A/P Chim Wai Kin, ECE, NUS
Asst/P Vivian Ng, ECE, NUS
A/P Wee Thye Shen, Andrew, Physics, NUS
Dr Mark Yeadon, IMRE / Material Science, NUS |
Research
staff
1x Research Engineer
Research
students
2x PhD , 2x Master |
Abstract
This project aims to develop techniques to make interconnects to
nanostructures, ranging from traditional techniques, to more novel
techniques using field emission induced growth recently developed
at NUS. With the nanowire growth technique, we have already demonstrated
the ability to grow sub-10 nm metallic wires on carbon nanotubes,
and we aim to generalize, control, and automate the technique to
wire nanostructures to external electrodes. We will also grow and
explore the properties of a variety of nanotubes and nanorods grown
via CVD and VLS processes. This project will provide us with the
capability to grow, characterize, connect and study the electrical
behaviour of nanostructures. |
Size-controlled Synthesis of Surface-supported
Nanoclusters from Organometallic Precursors
Research
grant no.
WBS R-143-000-198-305 |
Principal Investigator
Asst/P Leong Weng Kee, Dept of
Chemistry, NUS |
Duration
of grant
May 12, 2003 - May 11, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
Asst/P Fan Wai Yip,
Dept of Chemistry, NUS
Asst/P Sim Wee Sun,
Dept of Chemistry, NUS
A/P Wong Ming Wah Richard, Dept of Chemistry, NUS
Asst/P Yip Hon Kay John, Dept of Chemistry, NUS
Asst/P Zheng Jianwei, IHPC |
Research
staffs
2x Snr Research Fellow,
1x Research Assistants (planned)Research
students
3x PhD , 3x Master (planned)
|
Abstract
The project aims at utilising organometallic clusters as precursors
for the deposition of nanoclusters on surfaces. These clusters contain
metals in zero or low-valent states and hence are suitable for direct
deposition onto surfaces as naked or semi-naked metal nanoclusters.
The approach represents a potentially very powerful method for the
formation of nanoclusters in a size- and possibly geometry-controlled
manner. This will be of great relevance to a number of applications
such as heterogeneous catalysis, quantum dots, fuel cell technologies
and sensors.
The
study is a multidisciplinary one which utilises both experimental
and theoretical methods and involves exploration of (a) methods
of deposition, (b) characterisation of the surface-anchored precursors
and the deposited nanoclusters by various physical methods, and
(c) use of computational methods to elucidate the properties of
the precursors, the various surface species, and the various surface
processes such as particle aggregation and diffusion. It will provide
a fundamental understanding of the various aspects of the approach,
which is still as-yet underdeveloped.
|
Self-Assembly Approaches to 3D Photonic
Crystal Heterostructures
Research
grant no.
WBS R-279-000-139-305 |
Principal
Investigator
Asst/P George Zhao X S, ChEE, NUS |
Co-Principal
Investigator
A/P Liu Xiang-Yang, Dept of Physics, NUS |
Duration
of grant
April 01, 2003 - March 31, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
Prof Chua Soo Jin, IMRE and ECE, NUS |
Research
staffs
2x Research FellowResearch
student
1x PhD - Mr Zhou Zuocheng
|
Abstract
Photonics will play a revolutionary role in this millennium, similar
to
Electronics that we have witnessed over the later half of the 20th
century. Central to photonic technology is the design and fabrication
of photonic bandgap structures with a spatial periodical periodicity
on optical wavelength scale. When this periodicity is 3-dimentional
(3D), the structures form a complete photonic bandgap (PBG), a range
of energy for which photons cannot propagate in any direction inside
the structures. With this property, 3D photonic crystals allow one
to inhibit unwanted spontaneous emission and manipulate the flow
of electromagnetic waves, offering an unprecedented opportunity
for fabrication of photonic devices. This project aims to make 3D
PBG materials from self-assembly approaches and to characterize
and model the optical properties of the materials. Photonic devices
such as wave guide will also be investigated and explored. |
Development of flash memory devices
using quantum dots embedded in high-k dielectrics
Research
grant no.
WBS R-263-000-266-305 |
Principal
Investigator
A/P Yoo Won Jong, ECE, NUS |
Co-Principal
Investigator
Dr Balasubramanian Narayanan, IME, NUS |
Duration
of grant
April 01, 2003 - March 31, 2006 |
Collaborator(s)
Prof Dim-Lee Kwong (Univ of Texas at Austin)
Prof Shunri Oda (Tokyo Inst of Technology)
Prof Li Ming-Fu, ECE, NUS
Asst Prof Loh Kian Ping, Dept of Chemistry, NUS
Asst Prof Zhu Chunxiang, ECE, NUS
Dr Tan Yong Tsong, IME, NUS
Dr Lakshmikantha Bera, IME, NUS
Dr Rajendra M. Patrikar, IHPC, NUS
|
Research
staffs
1x RF/PDF, 1x Visiting ProfessorResearch
students
5x PhD , 7x Master
|
Abstract
Flash memory devices using nano crystal floating gates are identified
as an emerging technology for high scalability and performance.
Quantum dot floating gates instead of poly silicon floating gate
could offer a solution to achieve highly scalable flash memories
with high speed / low voltage characteristics. This project aims
to develop (1) process technology for Si, Ge, or SiGe nanocrystal
quantum dot formation in a dielectric medium, (2) the use of high-K
dielectric in flash memory to allow for thinner `equivalent' oxide
thickness without sacrificing non-volatility, and to allow for lower-voltage,
higher-speed operation and increased device lifetime and (3) flash
memory with self-assembled quantum dot (SAQD) gates embedded in
high k dielectric. |
Multiscale
Modelling of Polymeric Interfaces
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-014-305
|
Principal
Investigator
Asst/P
Vincent Tan BC, MPE, and NUSNNI, NUS
|
Co-Investigator(s)
Assoc Prof Tay Tong Earn, MPE, and Div of
Bioengineering
Asst/P Lim Kian Meng, MPE, NUS |
Duration
of grant
Sep 01, 2004 -
Aug 31, 2007
|
Collaborator(s)
Nil
|
Total Project Value:
S$564,677 |
Research
staffs
1x PDF
Research
students
2x PhD , 2x Master |
Abstract
Polymer interface is an important aspect in a wide range
of technological applications such as welding, melt
processing, composite lamination, compatibilizer and
blend technology, co-extrusion, and crack healing, among
others. Polymers have also shown great potential in many
new applications (e.g. low-k dielectrics materials,
electronic packaging, tribological surface coatings of
storage media, nanocomposites) because they possess
properties that are very different from traditional
engineering materials. It is envisaged that modeling the
behavior at the molecuar scale will yield interesting
insights into the adhesion process that will eventually
point to methods to improve the interfacial properties
of such materials systems. The aim of the proposed
research is to develop a method to study and predict the
mechanical strength of polymers at material interfaces
based on molecular level interactions while maintaining
a seamless integration of material properties from
atomistic to continuum scale. This knowledge will be
implemented as a computer simulation toolkit and it will
be used in the design and analysis of advanced devices
and structures where material interfaces are important
to their intergrity and functionality. |
Development of Semiconductor Nanowire CMOSFET for Sub-45nm
Technology
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-016-305
|
Principal
Investigator
Asst/P Lee Sungjoo, ECE, and NUSNNI, NUS |
Co-Investigator(s)
Dr Lakshmikantha Bera (IME) and Dr Li Kebin (DSI), NUS |
Duration
of grant
Oct 01, 2004 -
Sep 30, 2007 |
Collaborator(s)
Nil
|
Total Project Value:
S$888,000 |
Research
staffs
3x PDF
Research
students
15x PhD , 6x Master |
Abstract
The primary goal of the proposed research is the
development of a scientific and technological base for
future CMOS gate stack by employing emerging
nanotechnology in conjunction with advance front-end
technologies, which is also suggested by ITRS as a
research direction providing a solution to overcome
inherent physical limits of current Si-based CMOS
technology. Therefore, the success of this program will
have profound impact on future CMOS technology.
The understanding and development of Nanowire synthesis
process will open up several upstream research
opportunities in nanoelectronics which can be naturally
combine with CMOS front-end technology. Since this
proposal deals with MOS gate stack materials and
structures constituting the fundamental building blocks
of CMOS transistors,the potential technological
applications are tremendous. The most critical
applications of the proposed technology, once developed,
include; high performance microprocessor, low-power
consumer and portable electronics, RF ICs, and memory
ICs (SRAM, DRMA, Flash memory).
Another important feature of this research is the
training of high quality graduate students in a
nationally important microelectronics technology. This
project will contribute directly to the graduate
education and training of PH.D and master students. The
training of graduate students condition for the
successful competition of Singapore in the area of
future IC manufacturing technology |
Development of a Combined
Nanofabrication / Characterization Tool for Research on
Nanometer Scale Spintronics
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-020-305
|
Principal
Investigator
A/P Wu Yihong, ECE, and NUSNNI, NUS
|
Co-Investigator(s)
Dr Adeyeye Adekunle,
Dr Teo Kie Leong,
Dr Mansoor,
Dr
Vivian Ng, ECE, and Dr Thomas Liew YF (DSI), NUS |
Duration
of grant
Oct 01, 2004 -
Sep 30, 2007
|
Collaborator(s)
Nil
|
Total Project Value:
S$4,756,840 |
Research
staffs
2x PDF, 1x RA, 1x VP
Research
students
7x PhD , 9x Master |
Abstract
(1) To develop a combined nano-fabrication and
characterization tool consisting of:-
- a scanning electron microscope with spin-polarization
analysis (SEMPA)
- a scanning tunnel microscope (STM) or spin-dependent
STM (SPSTM)
- four nano-probes (including the STM probe)
- a focused ion beam (FIB)
- a sample preparation and fabrication chamber with
variable temperature and magnetic field features.
(2) The SEMPA in this system will be used to study
surface magnetism of various types of magnetic,
half-metallic, and magnetic semiconductor thin films and
nanostructures at nanometer scale.
(3) The STM and SPSTM will be used for atomic scale
electronic and spin state detection applications.
(4) The nano-probes will be used to study the transport
properties of various types of nanostructures including
nanowires, nanotubes, nanorings of magnetic,
semiconductor and bioloical materials and the associated
devices.
(5) The combination of SEM with STM ensures that (3) and
(4) can be performed at controlled positions with a
nanometer scale spatial accuracy.
(6) The combination of SEMPA with the four nano-probes
makes some of the measurements which so far are
impossible an attainable task, such as in-situ study of
spin-injection and spin transfer in magnetic
nanostructures.
(7) The inclusion of an FIB makes it possible to perform
in-situ modification and fabrication of nanostructures
while performing magnetic and electrical measurements.
(8) With the above-mentioned built-in features, this
project is expected to deliver results with great impact
and to make breakthroughs in the areas of nanomagnetism,
magnetic semiconductors, nanospintronics,
nanoelectronics, and biomagnetics. From technology
development point of view, the deliverables would
include but are not limited to (i) nanocontact magnetic
sensors, (ii) spin-injection and spin transfer devices,
(iii) half-metal and magnetic semiconductor based
spintronic devices, (iV) metal-based nanoelectronics and
(v) biomagnetic devices.
(9) The tool to be developed in this project can also be
upgraded in future by adding other functions such as
scanning Auger microprobe (SAM) for spatially resolved
chemical analysis. The combined tool can also used to
fabricate and characterize nanoelectronic and molecular
electronic devices.
(10) The system will be the first of its kind in the
world. It will be a crucial infrastructure for the
future development of nanomagnetism and spintronics in
Singapore. |
Nanodevice Fabrication at 45nm and beyond
by Laser Nano-imprinting Technique
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-017-305
|
Principal
Investigator
A/P Tan Leng Seow, ECE, and NUSNNI, NUS |
Co-Investigator(s)
Dr Hong Minghui (DSI), NUS
|
Duration
of grant
Oct 01, 2004 -
Sep 30, 2007 |
Collaborator(s)
Nil
|
Total Project Value:
S$983,700 |
Research
staffs
1x RF(B), 2x RA, 1x VP
Research
students
3x PhD , 2x Master |
Abstract
The objective of this project is to develop the laser
nano-imprinting technique to fabricate nano-semiconductor
devices such as MOSFETs with the resolution at 45nm and
beyond. As distinct from nanoparticle self-assembly
(which can only make nano-hole arrays), we propose to
approach transparent masks with nanodevice geometry
designs (half ball design under the geometries induces
light enhancement during laser irradiation) to fabricate
functional nanostructures. So far there is no such
investigation in the world. Success of this project will
provide a low cost and flexible nanostructuring
technique to fabricate the next generation of
nanodevices. It can also be applied to make a large
amount of thin film materials and nanostructures for
other research teams in the RIs and NUS/NTU to enhance
Singapore status in the nanotechnology reserahc in the
world. Details on the investigation would be:
(1) Transparent masks fabrication with device layer
geometries;
(2) Mask approaching to thin film surfaces with distance
down to 10 to 50nm to provide near field working
environment, real-time surface-mask gap measurement and
tuning system will help to ensure that the mask and the
water surface are parellel at a constant separation;
(3) Uniform light intensity laser scanning over the
transparent mask to modify the substrate thin film
properties with the feature size down to 45nm and
beyond;
(4) RIE etching and developing to form nanostructures on
a single layer;
(5) The above steps repeated to form different layer
structures and nanoelectrodes for functional nanodevices;
(6) Electrical and structural characterization of the
fabricated nanodevices. |
Nanoscale Transistors with Enhanced Performance for CMOS
Manufacturing
Research
grant no.
WBS: R-398-000-021-305 |
Principal
Investigator
Asst/P Yeo Yee Chia, ECE and NUSNNI, NUS |
Co-Investigator(s)
Dr Narayanan Balasubramanium (IME), NUS |
Duration
of grant
Oct 01, 2004 -
Sep 30, 2007 |
Collaborator(s)
Nil
|
Total Project Value:
S$1,797,400 |
Research
staffs
1x PDF
Research
students
2x PhD , 2x Master |
Abstract
This research program addresses the critical challenges
involved in the scaling of complementary
metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transistors into the
sub-20nm regime. This research engages work on a highly
manufacturable nanoscale transistor technology. An
important focus of this work will be the experimental
exploration of novel techniques to enhance the carrier
transport properties in such nanoscale transistors. |
Physical Modeling & Simulation of Nanoscale Electronic
Device Phenomena
Research
grant no.
WBS R-398-000-019-305
|
Principal
Investigator
A/P Samudra Ganesh, ECE, and NUSNNI, NUS
|
Co-Investigator(s)
Dr Mansoor,
Dr Li Ming-Fu (ECE), and Dr Bai Ling Stephen (IHPC),
NUS |
Duration
of grant
Oct 01, 2004 -
Sep 30, 2007
|
Collaborator(s)
Nil
|
Total Project Value:
S$602,990
|
Research
staffs
2x PDF, SA
Research
students
3x PhD , 3x Master |
Abstract
Scaling of metal oxide semiconductor device well into
nanoscale dimension to realize advanced CMOS integrated
circuits is continuing. A variety of new research
initiatives, such as use of high-K dielectric materials,
use of metal gates, use of strained silicon or Ge
channel, the development of ultra thin body double-gate,
Fin-FET, Tri-gate, gate all around CMOS device
structures, have started to overcome many potential
problems. With shrinking of device size, the simulation
and physical modeling of three dimensional phenomena,
quantum mechanical effects and other new physical
effects become extremely important.
Due to very small dimensions involved at quantum level,
simulating nanoscale device phenomena and timing
response using self-consistent techniques (such as Monte
Carlo simulation, Green's function method) is of
tremendous importance. When the device size is further
scale down, the number of atoms in one device is no
longer very large. The theoretical basis of Schrodinger
equation under effective mass approximation is violated
and the statistical fluctuation of atomic arrangement in
the device becomes important. In this regime, atomistic
simulation of device performance becomes necessary.
However, presently it is in an infant stage.
High-K dielectric is now widely accepted as a right
approach for the gate dielectric for the next generation
CMOS devices. However, the high-K gate dielectric also
introduce a series of new reliability problems such as
channel mobility degradation, charge trapping and
de-trapping and threshold voltage instability,
dielectric relaxation and its effect in circuit
application, device noise characteristics, etc. These
are important problems however still far from fully
understood.
This project execution is based on achieving two main
objectives of simulation and program development and
physical modeling of nano CMOS device performance and
reliability related phenomena. We plan to investigate in
detail doping related effect of source drain parasitic
resistance, corner related and surface roughness related
effects in ultra short channel, ultra-thin body FinFET,
trigate and gate all around structures using realistic
doping and models. Usage of 3D simulation tools will
enhance knowledge and explore practical limits on these
devices without carrying out fabrication. We also plan
development of new programs that achieve the 2D (or
perhaps 3D) self-consistent implementation of Poisson's
equation and Schrodinger equation to study nanoscale
device phenomena. Monte-Carlo and atomistic simulation
programs will also be developed to model nano scale
device phenomena.
Several investigations will be conducted to study
performance limits of nano scale devices. The studies
will include investigation on gate tunneling,
band-to-band tunneling and pn junction leakage, source
to drain tunneling in channel, resonant tunneling in
nano device structures; mobility in nano devices; charge
trapping and de-trapping in high-k gate dielectrics and
in high-K MIM capacitors, high-K dielectric charge
transport mechanism and relaxation and its effects in
MOSFETs and MIM capacitors transient and ac operation;
and high-K gate dielectric nano device noise
characteristics and its physical origin. |
Capture of Bone Marrow Derived
Mesenchymal Stem cells on Bioabsorbable Nanofibers
|
Research grant no.
WBS R-398-023-112 |
Principal Investigator
A/P Michael Raghunath,
Div of Bio/NUSNNI, NUS |
Co-Principal Investigator
Adjunct Prof Casey Chan, Div of Bio, NUS |
Duration of grant
May 01, 2005 - Oct 31, 2006 |
|
Collaborator(s)
Nil |
Research staffs
2x Research Assistant
Research students
1x PhD |
|
Abstract
This pilot study combines the various expertise gained
at NUS for an application-specific project focusing on
the development of a musculoskeletal regeneration
system. In particular, we aim to implement the use of
bioabsorbable nanofiber as the carrier and delivery
vehicle for mesenchymal stem cells and bioactive
molecules. The ultimate goal is to develop clinical
applications for the growing market for tissue
engineering products in orthopedic surgery.
We prpose to capture MSC from bone marrow aspirate using
nanofiber membrane with or without tethered monoclonal
antibodies or cell binding motifs. If sufficient
concentration of viable MSC on the bioabsorbable
membrane can be achieved, this can lead to an attractive
possibility of implanting the bioabsorbable nanofiber
membrane richly populated with MSC directly back into
the patient without delay for bone or cartilage
regeneration. In this case of cartilage regeneration,
the proposed nanofiber membrane construct with capture
mesenchymal stem cells offers the potential of
overcoming current ACI shortcomings with a construct
that is suitable for arthroscopic deployment in a single
surgical procedure. Nanofiber membrane rich in capture
MSC is also useful in bone grafting procedures. In
fabricating nanofibers membrane using different
substrate material including blending of different
materials, there is opportunity to optimize for cell
capture as well as osteoconductivity, and cell adhesion
and proliferation. |
Design, Development and Fabrication of
a High Speed Diamond Turning Machine for Nano Machining
|
Research grant no.
WBS R-398-000-025-112 |
Principal Investigator
Prof Mustafizur Rahman, ME/NUSNNI, NUS |
Duration of grant
April 01, 2005 - Mar 31, 2008 |
|
Collaborator(s)
A/P A Senthil Kumar, ME, NUS
Dr Lim Han Seok, ME, NUS
Mr Neo Ken Soon, ME, NUS |
Research staff
--
Research students
1x PhD / 3x Master |
|
Abstract
Over the years, a lot of development has taken place in
the machine tool industry for ultra precision micro/nano
machining whereby the resolution of machine movement has
reached one nanometer. Such state-of-the-art machines
are usually used for diamond turning applications
whereby diamond cutters are used to produce molds for
optical products where the tightest tolerances are
required in nanometer level. Currently, such machines
are prohibitively expensive and are used to machine
high-value molds for mass production of products for
optical industries. However, the trend in precision
machining is such that miniaturized components with
ultra precision requirements have increased greatly and
traditional ultra precision machines are not able to
meet such a need. For micro component manufacturing with
nanometer level dimensional accuracy, production speed
has to be very much increased with no compromise in
precision, and the operating cost of machine has to be
kept affordable.
The challenge in making a high speed ultra precision
machine tool with low operating cost has not been
adequately addressed, and no significant research has
been carried out in this area. Hence, it is the research
goal of this project to design, develop and fabricate a
high speed ultra precision machine tool. This is to be
achieved by incorporating direct linear motor drive with
air bearing guides on a precision machine that is to be
designed and fabricated using mainstream components at
low cost. The core technologies as a direct output of
the research would include the capability to design and
build a high speed ultra precision machine. Two
application areas would also be developed; namely, (1)
the process for machining molding dies for lenses,
cutting of complex structures for micro components and
nano surfaces, and (2) generation of nano surfaces on
various optics, silicon wafers, etc. |
Electrochemical Deposition of
Platinium Nanoparticles on Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes for
fuel cell Exploitation by Oxidation of Methanol
|
Research grant no.
WBS R-398-000-024-112 |
Principal Investigator
A/P Sheu Fwu-Shan, DBS/NUSNNI, NUS |
Duration of grant
May 01, 2005 - April 30, 2007 |
|
Collaborator(s)
Dr Ye Jian-Shan, DBS, NUS |
Research staff
--
| |
